Chauvet Cave
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Chauvet Cave

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Stewart June 2nd Peter 2: We read in Matthew 8: God bound some of the worst angels into Hell right away; but banned the others to the earth with Lucifer And, behold, they cried out, saying, What have we to do with thee, Jesus, thou Son of God? So they didn’t fall in that sense.

uranium–lead dating A radiometric dating technique that uses the decay of U and U, which are present in all naturally occurring uranium in the ratio and both of which decay to lead in stages that involve 14 steps, but are different for each isotope.

The zircon mineral incorporates uranium and thorium atoms into its crystalline structure, but strongly rejects lead. Therefore, we can assume that the entire lead content of the zircon is radiogenic. Where crystals such as zircon with uranium and thorium inclusions do not occur, a better, more inclusive, model of the data must be applied. These types of minerals often produce lower precision ages than igneous and metamorphic minerals traditionally used for age dating, but are more common in the geologic record.

Interaction between mineralogy and radioactive breakdown During the alpha decay steps, the zircon crystal experiences radiation damage, associated with each alpha decay. This damage is most concentrated around the parent isotope U and Th , expelling the daughter isotope Pb from its original position in the zircon lattice.

In areas with a high concentration of the parent isotope, damage to the crystal lattice is quite extensive, and will often interconnect to form a network of radiation damaged areas. These fission tracks inevitably act as conduits deep within the crystal, thereby providing a method of transport to facilitate the leaching of lead isotopes from the zircon crystal.